These restrictions caused significant delays and disruptions in global shipping, with more than 100 ships at times waiting up to 21 days to traverse the canal. The situation was exacerbated by attacks on vessels in other key waterways, increasing demand for the Panama Canal as an alternative route.

Analysis by World Weather Attribution attributed the reduced rainfall in Panama primarily to the El Niño weather phenomenon, rather than human-induced climate change. El Niño disrupted weather patterns globally, leading to below-average rainfall in Panama. However, experts anticipate a return to normalcy for the canal's operations with the waning of El Niño and the onset of the rainy season.

Water management decisions also played a crucial role in addressing the crisis. Authorities prioritized water for human consumption over canal operations, avoiding the need for rationing drinking water as seen during previous droughts. The reliance of the canal on Lake Gatun for water supply highlights the delicate balance between maritime trade and local water needs.

The impact of water scarcity extends beyond shipping, affecting communities within the Panama Canal Watershed, particularly indigenous, Afro-Panamanian, and rural populations reliant on water-dependent livelihoods. Urban expansion and population growth exacerbate pressure on water supplies, necessitating sustainable water management practices.

Future challenges include uncertainties regarding long-term climate trends in the region. Adapting to changing climatic conditions requires concerted efforts in water conservation, infrastructure upgrades, and community resilience building to ensure the resilience of both the Panama Canal and the communities it serves.

Ngoc Huyen (World Weather Attribution)